Monday, July 22, 2019
Types Of Cells Essay Example for Free
Types Of Cells Essay Select two structures of bacterial cells and briefly describe them; what do they look like, what are they composed of? Then, explain how these two structures allow bacterial cells to survive as unicellular organisms.            Two structures of bacterial cells are the cytoplasmic membrane and the flagella. The cytoplasmic membrane is mainly composed of two phospholipids layers or phospholipids bilayer (University of South Carolina, 2007). It primarily acts as a selectively permeable barrier for a lot of molecules and also serves as a transport location of these molecules into the cell. In addition, the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria also conserves energy as it also the location where motive forces are created for use (University of South Carolina, 2007). Basically, like any other cell membrane, a bacterial cytoplasmic membrane mostly contains lipids and proteins and other biological molecules that serve as the bacteria’s energy and life source (University of Wisconsin, 2008). Most bacterial cell membranes also contain hopanoids which function primarily to improve the fluidity of the plasma membrane by modulating its fatty acids. It can also play an important role in adjusting the permeability of the cell membrane and increasing the adaptability to extreme conditions (University of Wisconsin, 2008). Another important bacterial cell structure is the flagella. The flagella are filamentous structures which are attached to the surface of the cell that provide movement for most of the motile bacteria. They are mainly composed of protein and appear as whips or threads that extend from the body of the bacteria. In other words, they allow the bacteria to swim around while inside another organism. The cytoplasmic membrane and the flagella are two structures that are highly essential to the bacteria as it provides them to adapt and survive in most environments. The cytoplasmic membrane transports solutes such as nutrients and other molecules that enable the bacteria to live. It also serves as the location for the generation of energy or ATP which is important to any organism. The flagella, on the other hand, allow movement, which is important for a lot of bacteria, as it enables them to survive by moving around and infecting the host. Choose either a plant or an animal cell. Choose two structures or organelles of the cell (not used in part one above.) Describe these two structures or organelles – what do they look like, what are they composed of? Then explain how these plant or animal cell structures or organelles function. How do these functions support activities of the plant or animal cell and enable survival of the multicellular plant or animal organism?            Two important organelles of plant cells are the chloroplast and the endoplasmic reticulum. Chloroplasts is possibly one of the most vital organelles found in a plant as it conducts photosynthesis, which his the ability of plants to manufacture their own food using light (Molecular Expressions, 2005). It is the chloroplasts that absorb the light and use it together with carbon dioxide and water to produce sugars, which are the material that the plant uses for food. Morphologically, they appear as flat discs (Molecular Expressions, 2005).            The endoplasmic reticulum, on the other hand, appears as a network of tiny sacs such as cisternae, vesicles, and tubules. This network of structures mainly functions to manufacture, produce, transport, and process chemical compounds that will be used outside and inside the cell (Molecular Expressions, 2005). Basically, the chloroplast and the endoplasmic reticulum are very important organelles that ensure the plant’s survival. The chloroplast facilitate the manufacturing of the plant’s food source, which is important for any living organism, and the endoplasmic reticulum transports the energy sources as well as other chemical compounds that enable the plant to live.            References Molecular Expressions. (2005). Plant Cell Structure. Cell Biology and Microscopy Structure and Function of Cells and Viruses. Retrieved August 3, 2008 from  http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plantcell.html.  University of South Carolina. (2007). The Bacterial Cell. Microbiology and Immunology On-Line. Retrieved August 3, 2008 from http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/fox/protype.htm. University of Wisconsin. (2008). Structure and Function of Bacterial Cells. The Microbial World. Retrieved August 3, 2008 from http://www.bact.wisc.edu/themicrobialworld/structure.html.
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