MCI Communications Corporation Essay

1-What is the likely level of MCI’s external needs over the next several years? By how much could they be expected to vary? Why? 2-Critique MCI’s past financial strtategy, giving attention to the types of securities on which it has relied. Why did MCI finance itself in the manner it did? 3-Based upon your analysis of the outlook for MCI and the competitive and regulatory evolution of the industry, recommend a capital structure policy for MCI and defend your proposal against plausible events. 4-Assume that Mr.English, the MCI chief financial officer, has the following financial alternatives available to him as of April 1983: a)$500 million of 12 1/2 , 20 year subordinated debentures b)$400 million of common stock c1)$600 million 7 5/8 20 year convertible subordinated debentures with conversion price of $ 54 per share (i.e., $1,000 bond would be converted into 18.52 conmmon shares) c2) $1 billion of a unit package consisting of a $1000 7  ½, 10 year subordinated debenture and 18.18 warrants, each entitling the holder to purchase one share of MCI common stock for 55$. The warrants would be exercisable until 1988 and are callable. The exercisei price of the warrants would be payable either in cash or by surrender of the debentures valued at their principal amount. Which if any of these alternatives would you recommend that Mr.English take? Why? In broad outline, what financing steps would you recommend he take over  the next several years?

Human Papillomavirus Essay

The human papillomavirus (HPV) has been established as a substantial threat to public health among the sexually active youth of America. HPV is a common sexually transmitted disease that primarily affects women. It is also responsible for thousands of cancer related deaths each year. There are about 20 million Americans each year that are currently infected with HPV and nearly 5 million people will become newly infected this year with the virus. There are over 100 different strains of HPV, however only four are primarily responsible for causing substantial health complications such as genital warts and cervical cancer. Nevertheless, recent efforts to eliminate these most dominant strains have proven to be extremely victorious with the development of a unique vaccine that can exhibit an extraordinary level of efficiency. As a result, the pervasiveness of HPV has begun to slowly dwindle, but the virus still continues to violently infect millions of sexually active individuals who still remain unexposed to proper vaccination. Of the 100 different HPV strains, types 16 and 18 have been proven to cause cervical cancer. Although cervical cancer is able to be prevented, it is the second most common gynecologic cancer worldwide and the third most common cancer amongst women in the United States. In 2008 alone, 11,070 new cases of cervical cancer were diagnosed in the United States, and among these, 3,870 cases were fatal (Linton 235). In order to effectively protect themselves, it is necessary that women frequently obtain regular cervical cancer screenings and Pap tests to detect any precancerous lesions early on and subsequently prevent any instance of invasive cervical cancer from taking a potentially fatal course. Ultimately, the incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer are much higher among women who do not obtain these regular screenings. Pap testing is an effective strategy for reducing the risk of invasive cervical cancer. Pap smear screening involves taking cells from the cervix to identify the presence of any abnormal or precancerous cells. In an effort to combat the growing number of cervical cancer cases among young women in the United States, the Center for Disease Control recommends that women receive a Pap test within the first two years following their first sexual encounter (Roland 8). Moreover, since the virus infects women ages 14 – 24 more prevalently than any other age group, it is vital that every woman receives at least one pap smear before they reach 21 years of age, followed by regularly scheduled annual screenings until the age of 30 (Roland 9). In doing so, young women can substantially decrease the prevalence of the virus while also decreasing their risk of contracting cervical cancer through early detection of the cellular abnormalities caused by HPV. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that even the mere act of performing a Pap smear can produce an inflammatory, immunologic response to HPV which subsequently initiates the body’s defense mechanisms that could potentially lead to clearance of the virus. As a result, Pap testing has proven to be an extremely effective method for reducing the incidence of cervical cancer among women exposed to the virus (Roland 9). In addition to HPV prevalence among women, the virus can also affect the overall health of infected males. Although the male is generally considered an asymptomatic â€Å"silent† carrier of HPV, the virus can produce lesions or warts on the male genitalia and can even lead to penile cancer (Rosa 1032). However, currently there is no cost effective test designed to detect the virus in male carriers. The only methods of detection consist of a peniscopy followed by a second-generation Hybrid Capture test. In this process, acetic acid solution is used to identify any lesions on the genitals so that a biopsy can be taken from all infected areas (Rosa 1033). Unfortunately, this manner of detection is far too complex to be performed on a mass scale. Consequently, male carriers continue to spread HPV unknowingly to their sexual partners and subsequently increase the prevalence of the virus throughout the sexually active community. Due to this asymptomatic spread of the virus by male carriers, it is paramount that a male vaccine is developed to further combat the growing prevalence of HPV among young sexually active individuals. On June 8th 2006, the FDA introduced Gardasil, a gender specific quadrivalent vaccine which prevents the initial infection of the four most dominant and high risk HPV types, 6, 11, 16, and 18. Consequently, the vaccine not only directly prevents the development of cervical cancer in women but also defends against the lower risk types 6 and 11, which are generally known for causing genital warts in both genders. The Gardasil vaccine is very unique because it appears to be the only 100 percent effective vaccination ever created. Furthermore, there is no live material inside the vaccine. Instead, it is made up of the virus-like proteins which coat the outer portion of the HPV virus. The vaccine cannot treat individuals already infected with the virus, but it will protect the infected female from attaining any of the other strains in the vaccine (McLemore 559). The vaccination is a three dose process, with followup doses at two and six month intervals from initial vaccination. Furthermore, the observed side effects are minimal but can include fever, nausea, respiratory tract infection, insomnia, and several other complications. Ultimately, the Gardasil vaccine is recommended for women ages 9 – 26 in an attempt to effectively decrease the prevalence of HPV among the sexually active community and also directly lower the related incidence of cervical cancer in young women (McLemore 559). However, even with the development of this vaccine the human papillomavirus still continues to infect millions of Americans and is responsible for thousands of cervical cancer deaths each year. It is absolutely paramount that young sexually active women not only become vaccinated with Gardasil, but also continue to maintain regular Pap test screenings annually with their doctor. In doing so, women can substantially reduce their incidence of cervical cancer and effectively fight to combat the growing prevalence of the HPV virus in the United States. Ultimately, the incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer are much higher among women who do not obtain these regular screenings, and therefore fail to identify HPV abnormalities and precancerous cells early in their development. REFERENCES Linton, D.M. (2009). Cervical cancer screening interval. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing. 13(2): 235-7. Roland, K.B., Benard, V.B., Saraiya, M., Hawkins, N.A., & Brandt, H. (2009). Assessing cervical cancer screening guidelines in patient education materials. Journal of Women’s Health. 18(1): 5-12. McLemore, M.R. (2006). Gardasil: introducing the new human papillomavirus vaccine. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing. 10(5): 559-60. Rosa, N.T., De Carvalho, J.J., & Syrjanen, K.J. (2007). Identification of males at increased risk for genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among patients referred for urological consultation. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 39(11-12): 1029-37.

Japan and the Pacific Rim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Japan and the Pacific Rim - Essay Example According to economist, economy serves as the backbone of every country. This means that the economy disparity between the two countries will have little incentive to the South Korea government after the reunification. The economy of North Korea is terrible and in collapse. Therefore, everything that has to do with economic recovery for North Korea should be initiated, which include new infrastructure sufficient electrical power and such to reverse the negative economic growth that has prevailed for years. Workers in North Korea lack competence thus it is advisable to destroy the production capabilities for they are considerably not normalized in reference to international norm. Improvement of North Korea Economy through the stated issues and support from donors would convince South Korea to initiate talks towards reunification. It is important to end the fight that exists between North and South Korea since guns and swords cannot unite. They should be lead to the garden of love not the garden of power and falsehood, and through talks, it should be made known to them that they are siblings centered on common parents since fighting cannot reconcile these divisions. This means ending historical political differences. The two countries should be made to understand that the main aim of the unification is to generate external freedom, peace, happiness, and ideal on the foundation of unification. These ideas have not been given to the governments and with such ideas, recovered economy, and historical political peace, the unification will be

Anything related to Gender and Technology Research Paper

Anything related to Gender and Technology - Research Paper Example Various people link technology with computer devices, robots and other advances in science, limiting themselves in defining technology in small terms. Experts agree that technology review as larger than chips and optics will allow people uncover how technological patterns perpetuate social and cultural class stratification. This paper will investigate how the notion of gender shapes technology and investigate different ways in which technology (cosmetic surgery) has influenced lives of women. Discussion The discussion will investigate diverse ways in which bodies of women are structured and deconstructed in modern culture and some moral, social and political outcomes such processes for the women’s well-being, (Negrin, 2008). It will also focus on gender technology (cosmetic surgery), for instance those forms of socio-cultural practices the make the human body gendered. Similarly, the theoretical foundation of this paper is that the aspect of the human body as highly hypothesiz ed and expressed with certain cultural contexts including economic, social, religious and influential political discourses is crucial. Such discourses represent the extensive system of belief or cultural ideologies, and as they function in performances, they establish verbal and non-verbal rules and laws for how both men and women are expected to feel, perceive and act in relation to the environment and other people. Body modification (cosmetic surgery) as a masculinity or femininity identity mark has extensive and ancient cultural origin. A number of ancient practices (such as wearing of the corset and binding of foot), have increasingly been dumped, whereas others (like FMG, tattooing and male circumcision) are persistent, (Davis, 1995). Similarly, new ways of promoting ones manhood and womanhood through diverse aspects of the body are persistently being created. Contemporary medicine and fashion permit practical modification of gender bodies to attain idealized notion of masculin ity and femininity. The rate of cosmetic surgery in the modern globe to enhance desirability, attractiveness and appeal of a person to other sex is continually rising. These practices have increasing dominated the mainstream media and popular culture in an attempt to fix the norm of approved ideal feminine and masculine attractiveness and, therefore, reinforce the man-woman polarity. In feminist studies, woman body is perceived as part of scripting of cultural anxiety regarding life, regulation and death and actual human implication. In other words, female’s bodies are increasingly main features and thus, reflect the challenges, panic and the public disunity and socio-cultural aspects in the postmodern era, (Parker & Rhian, 2010). Various issues emerge as a fundamental source of controversy for instance, gender technologies such as cosmetic surgery and inequality experiences that draw a wider gap between male and female body. Cosmetic surgeries are aimed to amend physical abn ormalities or promote a normal physical character and, therefore, enhance appearance. Cosmetic surgery, as an extensively wide field, which may provide reconstructive surgery for people with devastating burns or physical damage, can be utilized aesthetic purposes such as smoothening wrinkles, breasts enlargement and reshaping noses. In the past, cosmetic surgery practices were mainly restricted to necessary surgery to ensure patient well-being and health. Such surgical practices

Importance of Mastering Computer Skills in the 21st Century Essay

Importance of Mastering Computer Skills in the 21st Century - Essay Example Even the most basic computer skills are incredibly important, and there are many tasks that would be considered as being the 'basic' computer literacy skills, and they are: performing basic operations, such as turning the computer on and off, which sounds simple but which can actually be rather tricky to people who have never used a computer before; word-processing, as this is considered as being the most basic of all skills because when using computers it is easier as the computer deviates it a little from the common typewriter; email, which is obviously incredibly important to learn because this is considered as being the modern-day form of mail, and these days most all communication is done through email; printing of a document, which although not always necessary is crucial to learn; and finally the use of peripherals, as you need to be able to know what a portable driver is, for instance, and how it is used. Once you have learned even just the most basic computer skills, then you will be able to move forward and start learning and understanding about the multitude of other issues that there are for you to grasp the concept of, and although things may often seem a bit difficult to start off with, if you begin by learning the basic steps you will see how much dramatically easier the entire process is overall. There are many consequences that are sure to come if you do not have computer skills, for instance you really cannot get a good job these days if you do not have computer skills, not only because most companies and businesses require you to do some sort of computer work, but as well because you are going to have to know how to type up a resume and cover letter on the computer and print it out, as well as respond via email to possible employers. You are certainly going to have a lot of trouble if you do not have computer skills under your belt, which is why you most definitely should make sure that you take some sort of class or go to some type of seminar where you can learn the essential computer basics, and you will immediately notice the benefits that you will reap from doing so. In the 21st century, a large majority of work and communication is done using computers, and especially in regards to the Internet, which, if you learn how to use properly, will allow you to go places that you never thought possible. For instance, there are so many different types of jobs and working opportunities that you can find on the Internet, and for the most part, these will be options that you would not have otherwise had, without the use of the Internet. Not only that, but rather than using postage mail as had been more largely used in the past, with the Internet you are able to connect and communicate with people all over the world, whether they be friends, family members, or people you just met, quickly and easily. There are so many different benefits that can come from you having even the most basic computer skills, which is why it is truly so important to keep up with the times and make sure that you are aware of the advanced technology, in particular computers and the I nternet.

Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Values - Essay Example However, there is a disparity when it comes to loyalty. I hold that loyalty should be kept only when it is necessary. For example, in case an agency is exploiting people, it significant to tell the truth (Kraemer, 2011). Describe how people acquire and change values Everyone is guided by values; the difference is that we vary on how intensely we hold each our values. This is linked to how our values have been molded during the course of our lives. Recurrent engagement of values is likely to reinforce them. Our lives offer frequent prospects for and restrictions on the detection and development of some values. In addition, practice ensures that values are instilled in our mind (Duggan & Cowburn, 2013). Our involvement with different features of culture and society helps acquire and strengthen certain values. Churches, trade unions, Community centers, and libraries are examples of establishments that we are part of and recognized as encouraging the mutual understanding in that they may surge to the significance we put on equality, friendship, or social justice. Our experience with parks and forests promotes our appreciation for nature and other intrinsic values (Kraemer, 2011). Our experience of particular institutions as well as guidelines can alter or strengthen our views of what is conceivable, wanted, and normal through a procedure identified as policy feedback. Exposure to the institutions of consumer culture may also represent a form of policy feedback. Through our day-to-day lives and interaction with others, we acquire certain values and change others. We encounter different experiences and different people who believe in different things from us and who hold different values from us (Howe, 1995). In the process of interacting with them, we may acquire some new values and therefore changing the values, we have. We also acquire new values form our different religions and cultures. Explain what values do to us and for us Values are those guidelines and prin ciples that guide our life. Our values provide an outline to our conduct even though we are uninformed of what values are. Understanding our values provides one with a superior awareness in behavior. Our decision-making ability depends on the value we have in that we can do something based on which values we hold. Appreciating the significance of our values offers transparency in that we are in a position to define and understand ourselves (Barkan, 2011). Values can also offer discernment into the nature of interactive relationship that one should engage in while relating with others. When we identify and comprehend the meaning and importance of our values, we are able to appreciate ourselves, our relationships and our view of the world. What is the nature and importance of human values at the workplace? Upholding values at the work place is important for any organization. Employees who uphold values are likely to perform well as compared to those who take them for granted.

Ancient Flood Stories (Problems for Critical Scholarship) Essay

Ancient Flood Stories (Problems for Critical Scholarship) - Essay Example However, it is not an easy task to find out the important details of these flood stories because of their extreme antiquity and the lack of supporting evidence except for a few broken shards or fragments of pottery that detail these flood stories. It is unswervingly a very daunting task indeed to verify the stories that will anchor them on historical details as many of these stories are seemingly myths or legends. This brief paper examines some of the challenges encountered in critical scholarship of stories like great floods which occurred a long time ago and for which records are incomplete. Discussion The aim of critical scholarship is to set historical records straight but problems are inevitable when the records are themselves incomplete or at times even contradictory. Many scholars, academicians, historians and archaeologists realize these limitations but still try to carry on with the task. In this regard, to claim certainty in the absence of corroborating pieces of evidence i s not only risky but also considered as reckless in terms of academic scholarship. To refer to something without a degree of certainty is likewise faulty, even deceptive. Several issues with regards to critical scholarship concerning these ancient flood stories pertain to the provenance of these stories, their lack of correspondence and the contradictions, the use of varying terms or emergence of several versions by different authors that hinders the task. The two most famous and well-read flood stories are that of the Biblical Noah's Ark and the Epic of Gilgamesh. The latter predates the former by a good thousand years or more, going back to at least the period of an actual king named Gilgamesh who had ruled a kingdom of Uruk in ancient Sumeria at around 2700 B.C.E. (before current era) but was written down on clay tablets only at around 2000 B.C.E. which were discovered only fairly recently in the libraries of King Ashurbanipal, who ruled around 700 B.C.E. by a young British museu m curator named George Smith back in 1872 and translated even much later (Mitchell 4). It is a story considered as the oldest-ever written story but what is even more remarkable is that it is very similar to Noah's Ark, especially the story about an immortal named Utnapishtim and a massive flood in his time. There are also many other similar stories about a great deluge in other cultures, namely that of the massive waters released by the Greek god Zeus, the Chinese version of a deluge in the great central river valley of the mighty Yangtze and the Indian story of Manu mentioned in ancient Sanskrit religious texts dating back to around 600 B.C.E. These stories have a familiar theme, the futility of fighting against the force of Nature or the powers of God although the themes may vary a bit, depending on context (History-world.org 1). Provenance – as stated earlier, the exact or precise origins of these flood stories defy even scholars and historians because of the passage of e xtremely long periods of time, dating back to antiquity itself. Based only on fragmentary records, with many pieces of evidence lacking, the best that can be done is make a conjecture or an approximation of their origins. It believed that the Epic of Gilgamesh is actually a literary masterpiece constructed by several authors and not just one writer, the story embellished with each successive re-telling. In many instances, the similarities between the Noahic story and Gilgamesh made historians surmise it was actually copied and translated into Hebrew by Moses circa 1450 B.C.E. and the Israelites brought

Run Flat Tyres Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Run Flat Tyres - Assignment Example For any car to perfectly work then it entirely depend on; how large the air chamber between the rim and the tire is, the pressure that the tire can support and the strength quality of the tire. In the reflection John & James (2000) thinks that one big technology that has total revolutionized the car industry is the Flat tire technology since this is a type of tire that losses air very slowly that one would not even notice thus enabling the pressure of the tire to be substantially low enough to cope with the new situation. These strong internal construction that is able to withstand the weight of the car in case of a deflation. This type of tire has the capability to take a car even up to a distance of 80km at the speed of 80km/hr. Most of us have probably been faced with most of the that are associated with flat tire; maybe you missed a date, had to change a tire while being rained on because you didn’t want to miss an appoint meant, or your car tire went flat in the middle of nowhere then it’s for the same reasons that made the stake holders to come up with a tire system that could solve most these problems associated flat tire. In their review Anson & Mike (1998) believes that the idea of coming up with a flat tire system dates back to as early as the early 1980s. It was at this time when this idea was applied in a practical situation. This idea then had been applied on Porsches 959 sports cars. The designer of this car built it to be able to cruise to a top speed of 200mph and thus he recommended tire system that would not disintegrate if it lost air pressure at this high speed it was meant to reach. This idea worked for this car and this was what would give the engineers the needed confidenc e to further look into making these tires for all the cars. According to their writing Anson & Mike (1998) they say that the run flat tires were first commercially produced in the year 1935 though quite different from today’s design since it had an

David Mamet's ascertains that actor training limits the narrative Dissertation

David Mamet's ascertains that actor training limits the narrative process is undermined by his own work - Dissertation Example Mamet’s works reflects a minimalist approach and it would appear that, given the meaning and elements of narrative in the performing arts, Mamet’s minimalist approach was demonstratively more inconsistent with the narrative process. This research study analyses Mamet’s contention that actor training limits the narrative process is undermined by his work. It is concluded that Mamet’s approach to acting is formalistic and although his approach to acting is interesting, actor training helps to create academy award winners none of whom can be accused of letting their acting techniques limit the narrative process. In fact, actor training is a more certain way of ensuring that the narrative process flows fluidly. Table of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction 5 Narrative in Film and the Visual Arts 5 Definitions 5 Narrative in Film and the Visual Arts 6 Actor Training and Acting Styles and Techniques 8 Mamet’s Works and The Narrative Process 10 Conclusion 20 B ibliography 21 Certification I certify that this dissertation is original and any ideas or material that are not the authors is properly cited and credited using Chicago referencing format. Introduction The fact that David Mamet’s claim that actor training limits the narrative process is undermined by his own work, is not surprising. As both a writer and director, Mamet’s works often contradict his style and philosophies. For example, Mamet’s writing is replete with realism, however, his directing produces minimalist styles rather than realism.1 This dissertation focuses on the contradiction between Mamet’s claim that actor training limits the narrative and his own work. It is hypothesized that Mamet’s claim is limited by his understanding of the narrative process as a screenwriter and playwright, yet his work reflects a directing style that understands that acting, directing, choreography and the ensemble of scenes and sounds produce a seamless na rrative. In order to explore and test this hypothesis this dissertation is divided into three main parts. The first part of this dissertation describes and analyses narrative in the film and visual arts. The second part of this dissertation analysing actor training and the styles contemplated by actor training. The third part of this dissertation demonstrates how Mamet’s claim is undermined by his claim. Narrative in Film and the Visual Arts Definitions According to action theory, narrative is story telling that moves the plot along. Thus narrative is action within a story that moves the plot along and this is usually driven by action and character.2 The theory of narratology of drams is represented in two ways. Prior to the 20th century, narratology of drams limited the concept and definition of drama to â€Å"the verbal transmission of fictional stories†.3 However, as the landscape of fiction changed, there was an increasing interest in narrative in all forms, includ ing paintings. Thus the theory of narratology of drama took into account the fact that there were â€Å"extranarrative† forms that not only helped to tell a story, but was a manifestation of the story itself.4 The theory of narratology of drama is now connected more firmly with the idea that narrative is any text that tells a story and narrative is therefore comprised of â€Å"temporal structure, a set of characters, and a setting.†5 Depending on the discipline, narrative can have a restrictive or very broad meaning. For example in psychology, narrative narrowly contemplates

The relationship between per capita gross domestic product and both Assignment

The relationship between per capita gross domestic product and both secondary school enrolment rate and bank rates - Assignment Example The paper tells that gross domestic product is the measure of a country’s total productivity level. It refers to the total cost of output in commodities. Elements of gross domestic product include ‘consumption, investment, government purchase, and net export’. Both consumption and net export of an economy are factors of the territory’s available economic resources and its level of disposable income. With high levels of disposable income, people are able to purchase into consumptions as well as invest into export dealings. Investments, on the other hand, refer to monetary value of resources that are used for production processes. Whether through private or public sector, investment rates and levels depend on the availability of resources and the capacity to acquire such resources through savings or borrowings. The last component of gross domestic product is government expenditure through central government, local governments, and governmental institutions in public utilities such as education. Per capita gross domestic product measures the net output per person. It therefore depends on a country’s population size and may have a different trend from the real gross domestic product. One of the fundamental contributors to economic growth is the availability of resources for injection into the economy. Since financial institutions are a source of monetary resource through provision of loans, they are of prime importance to economic growth. Provision of loans to investors and private consumers for instance has direct effects on consumption, investments, and net export... It refers to the total cost of output in commodities. Elements of gross domestic product include ‘consumption, investment, government purchase, and net export’ (Mankiw, 2008, p. 496). Both consumption and net export of an economy are factors of the territory’s available economic resources and its level of disposable income. With high levels of disposable income, people are able to purchase into consumptions as well as invest into export dealings. Investments, on the other hand, refer to monetary value of resources that are used for production processes. Whether through private or public sector, investment rates and levels depend on the availability of resources and the capacity to acquire such resources through savings or borrowings. The last component of gross domestic product is government expenditure through central government, local governments, and governmental institutions in public utilities such as education (Mankiw, 2011, p. 198). Per capita gross domesti c product measures the net output per person. It therefore depends on a country’s population size and may have a different trend from the real gross domestic product (Boyes and Melvin, 2007, p. 389, 390). One of the fundamental contributors to economic growth is the availability of resources for injection into the economy. Since financial institutions are a source of monetary resource through provision of loans, they are of prime importance to economic growth. Provision of loans to investors and private consumers for instance has direct effects on consumption, investments, and net export (Brooks, 2008, p. 502; Yartey et al, 2008, p. 22). Credit rates of banks, which is a factor to their lending capacity determines availability of loans to investors and consumers. Similarly, lower

12 Steps to Recovery Essay Example for Free

12 Steps to Recovery Essay Addiction of any substance is an extremely difficult thing to accept. When we finally realize that We have a problem it is up us to admit it. Once we have accepted that we are addicted we have made the first and most important step to recovery. We learn that once recovery is what we want in our lives there are steps to take these steps is to mean we are ready to completely give yourself to a higher power. This higher power can be anything or anyone we want it to be, whether it be God or someone we can really trust and depend on. There are 12 steps to recovery that will help us stay clean and help us be successful in staying in recovery. This we call the â€Å"12 Step Program. † The first step to recovery is we admit we’re powerless over our addiction and our lives have become unmanageable. This means admitting weeven have an addiction problem. By saying your life has become unmanageable states that we don‘t want to continue living your life the way have been during your addiction. Our addiction has taken over our life, and admitting that we’re an addict helps us take responsibility for our actions instead of blaming others as we did before. The second step is we have come to believe that a power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity as we knew it. See more:  The Story of an Hour Literary Analysis Essay For most of us our higher power is god. We would give everything to our higher power and ask him for forgiveness. We then would recite the Serenity Prayer to help us. The Serenity Prayer is â€Å"God grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference! † This is a very powerful prayer as I feel today. The third step is that we’ve made the decision to turn our will and our lives over to the care of God as we understand and know him. We allow him to guide us through the recovery process we are going through. He lets us know that we are not alone in this, and we will never be alone again as long as we have him in our lives. The fourth step is making a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves. We look inside ourselves to find out what our morals are and to figure out what we believe in. We figure out what we stand for and learn what we think is right and wrong in life. In this step you must become brutally honest with yourself knowing that there’s nothing we can do to change the past. This does not mean you are a bad person but that you have made some bad decisions in our lives, that we as human beings are not perfect. The fifth step is when we have admitted to God, ourselves, and another human being the exact natures of our wrongs we have done during our addiction. Completing this step gets the monkey off your back pursay. More than most people the addict lead a double life. This means we are only showing what we want people to see. Not being honest and showing our true colors. We still continued to lie and expected to be able to stay clean. Through this step we learned that this is not possible in order to stay clean and live a honest life through recovery. Those of us that belong to religious sanctuaries can confide in the proper person of that faith . Others that are not religious may find someone they can confide in such as a doctor or therapist. Someone that we can trust to keep what has been said in confidence. We cannot disclose anything to our family because we are not allowed to say things to them that will make them unhappy. We cannot save our own skins by making someone else unhappy. By doing so our fears come closer and we begin to realize that our life is opening up and showing what our life was really about . This is the scariest thing we will do. And the hardest step to complete out of all 12 of them. The sixth step is when we ask God to remove these defects of character. Which in turn means we surrender our whole self to God? When we are ready, we say to him something like this: â€Å"My Creator, I am now willing that you should have all of me, good and bad. I pray that you now remove from me every single defect of character which stands in the way of my usefulness to you and my fellows. Grant me strength, as I go out from here, to do your bidding. Amen† The seventh step we become willing to ask God to help us to remove all of our shortcomings. This is not a long step and like I said previously it’s not one of the hardest steps to do during recovery.

Types Of Cells Essay Example for Free

Types Of Cells Essay Select two structures of bacterial cells and briefly describe them; what do they look like, what are they composed of? Then, explain how these two structures allow bacterial cells to survive as unicellular organisms.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Two structures of bacterial cells are the cytoplasmic membrane and the flagella. The cytoplasmic membrane is mainly composed of two phospholipids layers or phospholipids bilayer (University of South Carolina, 2007).   It primarily acts as a selectively permeable barrier for a lot of molecules and also serves as a transport location of these molecules into the cell. In addition, the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria also conserves energy as it also the location where motive forces are created for use (University of South Carolina, 2007). Basically, like any other cell membrane, a bacterial cytoplasmic membrane mostly contains lipids and proteins and other biological molecules that serve as the bacteria’s energy and life source (University of Wisconsin, 2008). Most bacterial cell membranes also contain hopanoids which function primarily to improve the fluidity of the plasma membrane by modulating its fatty acids. It can also play an important role in adjusting the permeability of the cell membrane and increasing the adaptability to extreme conditions (University of Wisconsin, 2008). Another important bacterial cell structure is the flagella. The flagella are filamentous structures which are attached to the surface of the cell that provide movement for most of the motile bacteria. They are mainly composed of protein and appear as whips or threads that extend from the body of the bacteria. In other words, they allow the bacteria to swim around while inside another organism. The cytoplasmic membrane and the flagella are two structures that are highly essential to the bacteria as it provides them to adapt and survive in most environments. The cytoplasmic membrane transports solutes such as nutrients and other molecules that enable the bacteria to live. It also serves as the location for the generation of energy or ATP which is important to any organism. The flagella, on the other hand, allow movement, which is important for a lot of bacteria, as it enables them to survive by moving around and infecting the host. Choose either a plant or an animal cell. Choose two structures or organelles of the cell (not used in part one above.) Describe these two structures or organelles – what do they look like, what are they composed of? Then explain how these plant or animal cell structures or organelles function. How do these functions support activities of the plant or animal cell and enable survival of the multicellular plant or animal organism?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Two important organelles of plant cells are the chloroplast and the endoplasmic reticulum. Chloroplasts is possibly one of the most vital organelles found in a plant as it conducts photosynthesis, which his the ability of plants to manufacture their own food using light (Molecular Expressions, 2005). It is the chloroplasts that absorb the light and use it together with carbon dioxide and water to produce sugars, which are the material that the plant uses for food. Morphologically, they appear as flat discs (Molecular Expressions, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The endoplasmic reticulum, on the other hand, appears as a network of tiny sacs such as cisternae, vesicles, and tubules. This network of structures mainly functions to manufacture, produce, transport, and process chemical compounds that will be used outside and inside the cell (Molecular Expressions, 2005). Basically, the chloroplast and the endoplasmic reticulum are very important organelles that ensure the plant’s survival. The chloroplast facilitate the manufacturing of the plant’s food source, which is important for any living organism, and the endoplasmic reticulum transports the energy sources as well as other chemical compounds that enable the plant to live.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   References Molecular Expressions. (2005). Plant Cell Structure. Cell Biology and Microscopy Structure and Function of Cells and Viruses. Retrieved August 3, 2008 from   http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plantcell.html.    University of South Carolina. (2007). The Bacterial Cell. Microbiology and Immunology On-Line. Retrieved August 3, 2008 from http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/fox/protype.htm. University of Wisconsin. (2008). Structure and Function of Bacterial Cells. The Microbial World. Retrieved August 3, 2008 from http://www.bact.wisc.edu/themicrobialworld/structure.html.

Coming Of Age In Mississippi History Essay

Coming Of Age In Mississippi History Essay 1) In the autobiography of Anne Moody, she had joined two major groups for the rights of the colored people, the NAACP and the SNNC. She had thought about joining the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, but she never did until she found out one of her roommates at Tougaloo college was the secretary. Once she went to a meeting, she became actively involved. She was always participating in various freedom marches, would go out into the community to get black people to register to vote. She always seemed to be working on getting support from the black community sometimes to exhaustion. Anne started hanging out with other students who were also fighting for black rights, and soon she became an active member of the SNCC. Through these organizations, Anne had become actively involved in the civil rights movement. She soon realized, though, that there were a lot of preconditions that were needed to achieve significant social change in the black community. Many of the projects Anne worked on, lacked support from the black community. Many black people tended to ignore the efforts of the SNCC because they were afraid of change. It took a lot of work to convince the black community to support the various projects the young people of SNCC were doing. An example of a project that the black community supported extensively was Freedom Summer. This project would not have been successful if the black community did not support this. The Freedom Summer project proved to be a success because the black community went out and vote. Throughout her book, Anne Moody talked a lot about the difference between older and younger black people because the younger generation was the ones that were actively involved in the civil rights movement. The role the federal government had during the civil rights movement did not always help black people achieve their rights. The first major break for civil rights came in the Supreme Court case Brown versus the Board of Education. The ruling that segregation was unconstitutional seemed like a major break through for the black community. Anne Moody was very optimistic about the desegregation cases. She always tested the Supreme Court decision of Brown versus the Board of Education numerous times by doing sit-ins and freedom marches. She was determined to fight for her rights, despite numerous threats against her life. When Kennedy was assassinated, she was devastated. Anne really thought that Kennedy was the answer that she and other members of SNCC were waiting for. After exhausti ve work, Anne concludes that the movement has not improved the lives of people in Mississippi. It has focused too much on voter registration and even political theater, such as the Freedom Vote, a mock vote intended to protest disenfranchisement of blacks. Instead, Anne wants the movement to focus on economic issues, such as helping black farmers buy their own land. At the end of her memoir, twenty-three-year-old Anne is getting on a bus to Washington. The bus is filled with volunteers who all seem far more high-spirited and younger than she. As they sing Anne wonders if blacks will ever really overcome racism. http://www.customessaymeister.com /customessays/Civil%20Rights /7653.htm Coming of Age in Mississippi Anne Moody s Coming of Age in Mississippi, talked extensively about the civil rights movement that she had participated in. The civil rights movement dealt with numerous issues that many people had not agreed with. Coming of Age in Mississippi gave the reader a first hand look at the efforts many people had done to gain equal rights. Anne Moody, like many other young people, joined the civil rights movement because they wanted to make a difference in their state. They wanted their freedom and the same rights as the white people had. Many other young people joined the civil rights movement because they felt that a change was needed in the way black people were treated. They felt that this change would not come if they did not join the civil rights movement. Anne Moody was a strong believer of black rights and felt that it was important for her to help black people fight for equal rights. These civil rights workers felt that their freedom would only come if most of the black community supported the efforts of the civil rights workers. Anne Moody, and other young people, thought that the only way that they would get equal rights for black people was to prove that they really wanted them. These civil rights workers, for example, showed that they really did care by joining various civil rights organizations and engagi ng in Freedom Marches. These Freedom marches were very organized, and they occurred all over the United States, which proved that black people wanted the same rights as the white people had. Anne Moody, and many other young people, joined the civil rights movement because they felt a change was needed and that it was their duty to fight for equal rights. Anne Moody had thought about joining the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), but she never did until she found out one of her roommates at Tougaloo college was the secretary. Her roommate asked, why don t you become a member (248), so Anne did. Once she went to a meeting, she became actively involved. She was always participating in various freedom marches, would go out into the community to get black people to register to vote. She always seemed to be working on getting support from the black community, sometimes to the point of exhaustion. Son after she joined the NAACP, she met a girl that was the secretary to the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Anne started hanging out with other students who were also fighting for black rights, and soon she became an active member of the SNCC. Through these organizations, Anne had become actively involved in the civil rights movement. She soon realized, though, that there were a lot of preconditi ons that were needed to achieve significant social change in the black community. Many of the projects Anne worked on, lacked support from the black community. She did not realize how much she would be harassed by the white people because she was fighting the rights of black people. The main preconditions for social change in the 1950s and 1960s, was getting the black community to support the various projects SNCC and the NAACP were working on. The black people they were fighting for did not always like the projects that Anne, and the other young people in SNCC, had been doing. Many black people tended to ignore the efforts of the SNCC because they were afraid of change. It took a lot of work to convince the black community to support the various projects the young people of SNCC were doing. An example of a project that the black community supported extensively, was Freedom Summer. This project would not have been successful if the black community did not support this. The Freedom S ummer project proved to be a success because the black community went out and voted. This proved to the federal government, that black people were interested in gaining voting rights. Anne Moody had thought about joining the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), but she never did until she found out one of her roommates at Tougaloo college was the secretary. Throughout her book, Anne Moody talked a lot about the difference between older and younger black people. She mentioned this difference extensively because it was mainly the younger generation that joined the civil rights movement. The older generation of black people did not participate in the civil rights movement not because they were not uninterested, but because they were afraid of what might have happened to them if they achieved equal rights. The older black people wanted the same rights as the white people had, but many of these people were brought up thinking they could not change their status. To them segregation was the way they were supposed to live their lives. Another reason why younger people joined the civil rights movement was because they did not have as much to lose as the older blacks did. Many of the older black people had a family to raise, and they needed to support their family financially, so therefore they could not afford to risk their lives, and the lives of their families. They were afraid to come out and participate in various civil rights activities because there were numerous black people that had been fired for participating in the voter registration drive. The older blacks did not want to risk everything to get the same rights as the white people had, so they decided not to participate. Most of people that joined the civil rights movement were students because they felt that a change was needed, and they had plenty to time to devote to the civil rights movement. They felt that it was their duty to fight for equal rights for all Black Americans. Throughout her book, Anne Moody talked a lot about the difference between older and younger black people because the younger generation was the ones that were actively involved in the civil rights movement. The role the federal government had during the civil rights movement did not always help black people achieve their rights. The first major break for civil rights came in the Supreme Court case Brown versus the Board of Education. The ruling that segregation was unconstitutional seemed like a major break through for the black community. The only problem with this decision, was that Chief Justice Marshall said that desegregation should happen with all deliberate speed instead of immediately. Many southern states did not voluntarily desegregate their schools, but this seemed to only be a minor set back for the civil rights leaders. In 1955, many congressional representatives and senators passed the Southern Manifesto, which said that the Supreme Court decision of Brown versus the Board of Education was unconstitutional. Numerous freedom marches were held all around the country, and in Washington, D.C. These marches were held to try to get the government to hear them, but the government ignored them. In 1964, the Civil Rights Act was passed ending segregation. It also created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission that prevented discrimination in the workplace. Anne Moody was very optimistic about the desegregation cases. She always tested the Supreme Court decision of Brown versus the Board of Education numerous times by doing sit-ins and freedom marches. She was determined to fight for her rights, despite numerous threats against her life. When Kennedy was assassinated, she was devastated. Anne really thought that Kennedy was the answer that she and other members of SNCC were waiting for. She walked around in a daze wondering what would happen next. Governmental leaders were essential during the civil rights movement. Without the help of government officials, black people would not have had the same rights they have today. Anne Moody s Coming of Age in Mississippi, talked extensively about the civil rights movement that she had participated in. The civil rights movement proved successful in achieving equal rights for Black Americans, despite strong opposition. Black Americans got equal rights because of the untiring efforts young people, like Anne Moody, had. Without the efforts of these young people, the role of Black Americans in society may have been different today. http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/comingofage/summary.html Plot Summary: Conclusion After exhaustive work, Anne concludes that the movement has not improved the lives of people in Mississippi. It has focused too much on voter registration and even political theater, such as the Freedom Vote, a mock vote intended to protest disenfranchisement of blacks. Instead, Anne wants the movement to focus on economic issues, such as helping black farmers buy their own land. At the end of her memoir, twenty-three-year-old Anne is getting on a bus to Washington. The bus is filled with volunteers who all seem far more exuberant and younger than she. As they sing à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"We Shall Overcome,à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚  Anne wonders if blacks will ever really overcome racism.

Looking To The Future 1984 :: essays research papers

Looking to the Future 1984 "WAR IS PEACE FFREEDOM IS SLAVERY IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH"(Orwell 3). It is the year 1984 in London, Oceania. Winston Smith is one of many people in Orwell’s prediction of the world in the future but is today’s past. The world appears as a dark and fearful place where the only rhyme or reason is created by Big Brother, ruler of the state and the head member of the Party. All of the above phrases in the slogan show the power which is given to the Party (government). The best description lies in the Newspeak word doublethink. "Doublethink means the power of holding to contradictory beliefs in one’s mind simultaneously, and accepting both of them. The Party intellectual knows in which direction his memories must be altered; he therefore knows that he is playing tricks with reality; but by the exercise of doublethink he also satisfies himself that reality is not violated"(Orwell 190). Many descriptions similar to this are given in the book and help explain the way in which the socialist government of Oceania operates. It explains how a strong ruler can manipulate facts to fit his or her own intentions, which is often what socialist rulers may have done and still may do. Many of the ideas in 1984 were written to show predictions of what the world might be like if people did not question and act on what was happening around them. Orwell wrote 1984 after World War II when socialist governments which had gone wrong, like Russia, were becoming a powerful force in the world. Orwell, having once fought against Communist Russia, saw how much of a dangerous power they could become in the future, and in turn found it necessary to inform readers of what the future could hold. 1984 is his idea of what a country, such as England in this book, would be like if a socialist government came into power. He writes of the control that can be presented by a ruler by fear. A ruler can use fear to suppress a person’s ideas and make him or her believe what a ruler thinks or says. A good example of this is at the end when Winston has been caught and is relearning how to obey and never doubt Big Brother. "TWO AND TWO MAKE FIVE"(Orwell 247). This was used in the context that Winston would believe whatever he was told. Whether it be this mathematical equation or who Oceania was at war with, he would believe it because of the fear of torture.

Pros And Cons Of Judicial Review :: Government Judicial Review Essays

Pros and Cons of Judicial Review   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Judicial Review is the power given to Supreme court justices in which a judge has the power to reason whether a law is unconstitutional or not. Chief Justice John Marshall initiated the Supreme Court's right to translate the Constitution in 1803 following the case of Marbury Vs. Madison, in which he declared the Supreme Court as the sole interpreters of Constitutional law. This is one of the sole purposes of the Supreme Court of the United States. Many Historical thinkers would find some difficulty in imagining a government set up to limit the power of itself,but others would argue that this form of government best works for the people, and not against them. The treatment of the Constitution by the Supreme Court as a "living" document that is able to be translated differently over time for the good of the people has as many skeptics as it does supporters. But, if we do not allow the Supreme Court to translate the Constitution who then, should the people chose to do such an important job.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If we were to look back at the ideas and thoughts of some of the greatest political thinkers of our time, we would find that individuals such as Plato, Niccolo Machiavelli, and John Locke, would share extremely different views as to whether or not Judicial review, and the Supreme Court as a whole, would be successful in their ideal government situations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the earliest political philosophers Plato, would find our present day governmental setup of the Supreme Court to be the ideal group to deal with the United States' situation. Plato felt that government should be run by enlightened philosopher kings, that would rule for the good of the people, and not themselves. We today see the Supreme Court as a collection of the most "enlightened" thinkers of our day. They are chosen to make moral decisions about laws made by others in our society, and decide whether or not the laws we make are in the best interest of our nation as a whole. Plato knew that within any political State their would be corruption, to stop the corruption Plato felt that the philosopher kings would best rule because they would not indulge themselves in a corrupt society. They only believed in the truth, and justice that government is supposed to protect its people with.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although Plato would not totally agree with the Democratic structure of our government, I believe that he would chose for our society, a state that is ruled by a similar group to that of our Supreme Court because, the members of

Dukes of Burgundy :: Essays Papers

Dukes of Burgundy By successive diplomatic marriages, by victories and annexations, the Dukes of Burgundy, since the time of Jean the Fearless, had constituted a vast zone of power, which rivaled that of the kingdom of France. The zone consisted of different regions and people enclosing the kingdom of France, from North Lyon to south of Amiens forming a semi-circular realm reaching as far as the north of the Netherlands. This was the longest reign in the history of France. Some the most notable of the dukes were Charles the Bold and his father, Philip the Good. Philip the Good enlarged his territory almost double its previous size. His lands included the duchy of Burgundy, Flanders, Artois, Babant, Luxembourg, Holland, Zeeland, Friesland, and Hainaut. Philip formed an allegiance with England, supporting the efforts of Henry V to secure the French crown until his subjects urged him to make peace with Charles VII of France. Philip founded the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1430. The Dukes of Burgundy placed at the order's disposal the resources of their enormous wealth. The order was formed to serve as a symbol of their power and be used to tie together the domains of the Burgundian State. The splendor of Burgundy during Philip's reign from 1396-1467 was unmatched in Europe. Charles the Bold reigned over Burgundy from 1467-77. He was the last heir of the dukes of Burgundy. His only child, Mary, became valuable as Europe's most marriageable heiress. Charles' surname (le Temeraine) really means "the Rash" and perhaps explains why he was a great antagonist of Louis XI. Although his Burgundian court surpassed that of monarchs of his time, he was lacking in the political realism of previous dukes. He was defeated and killed at the Battle of Nancy in 1477. The administration of the vast domain was put into the hands of Nicolas Rolin at the beginning of the fifteenth century. In the 81 years of his life Nicolas Rolin spent almost sixty years in service of the Duke of Burgundy. He was an excellent administrator and wise politician. He found how to retrieve the Duchy of Burgundy from an English Alliance. He was also one of the founders of the treaty of Arras, which reconciled France and Burgundy, putting an end to the Hundred Years War.

Lockheed Martin Corporation Essay

Lockheed Martin is an American aerospace multinational that also specializes in defense, security and advanced technology industries. The corporation was instituted in 1995 following the merger between Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta (Yenne, 2000). The corporation is based in Bethesda in Maryland with global centers that specialize in different aspects of the corporation’s many operations. Currently, the corporation employs over 120,000 employees scattered across the world. Presently, Lockheed is one of the largest defense contractors in the world and enjoys almost unlimited orders across the world. The operations of the corporation are divided into different segments comprising electronic systems (27%), aeronautics (27%), information systems and global solutions (27%) and space systems (19%). Today, US government contracts account for much of the corporation’s revenue while foreign government contracts also make up a substantial share of the revenue. On the other hand, orders from commercial clients only make up a mere 2 % of the total revenue the corporation nets in a year. In 1996, the corporation finalized the plans to acquire Lorad Corporation which subsequently became part of the corporation at a cost of $9. 1 billion. Like any other global corporation engaging thousands of employees across the world, Lockheed is certainly faced with a myriad of challenges that normally define business operations in the present world. One of the greatest challenges facing the corporation is the need to address employee concerns and effectively tackle the aspects of employee and industrial relations without many problems like is always the case. On certain instances the corporation has had to face the challenge of striking workers and go slow as employees complained about various aspects relating to their operations in the organization (Terris, 2010). In that regard, the aspect of dealing with these employee concerns has been one of the greatest employee challenges affecting the organization. Like most workers in the industry, most of Lockheed’s workers are unionized under the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace workers and are always part and parcel of the activities steered by the association. The International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers is a worker organization, which draws its origin in 1888 when a group of nineteen machinists came together and formed the Order of the United Machinists and Mechanical Engineers. With time, the small organization grew in membership and adopted the present name. The organization has had a turbulent history characterized by the growth of labor movements in the twentieth century. The growth of the union went in tandem with the development of the transport industry throughout the years as more and more workers became employed in the industry. During its formation, the organization was generally a secret affair given that employers of the time were very critical and hostile toward organized labor movements. However, the Order rapidly spread beyond its formation zone of Georgia and was soon a recognized affair in the United States. Much of the growth in the membership of the union was mostly evidenced during the World Wars when workers in the transport industry increased owing to the increased demand of vehicles and airplanes (Cimini, 1994). In the course of the 1970s, the union was segmented into several divisions dealing with specific issues affecting the members. These included civil rights, organizing, older workers and retired workers and women. At a convection held in 1984 in Seattle, Washington, the delegates voted and decided to use the Placid Harbor Education Center in order to train and educate the members of the union. In 1998, the center was renamed to the Winpisinger Education and Technology Center in order to recognize and honor the late president of the union. Throughout history, the union has always addressed the issues affecting the workers and negotiated with the relevant employers on specific aspects relating to the welfare of the employees Contract Management, 2010). Over 3000 workers of Lockheed Corporation are unionized under the IAM and are always in track with the labor union. The union has always negotiated in several instances regarding the welfare of the workers of Lockheed. In 2009, IAM came under much negotiation with the management of Lockheed at Fort Worth where the corporation manufactures jets. The issues at play in that case were healthcare costs and pensions where the workers were over 3,900 people in total opposition with the management of the corporation. At an address to the workers on 19th April, 2009, IAM President promised the workers that the union would keenly negotiate for a fair and just contract between the members and the management of Lockheed (Julian & Denver, 2011). The core of the matter in this regard emerged out of the decision by Lockheed’s management to announce that it would eliminate pension programs for new hires and would also increase healthcare costs for all the workers at the corporation’s Fort Worth plant. The IAM Negotiating Committee promised that it would effectively address the issue with the parties and warned Lockheed against its wrong moves. There were also allegations that the company was planning to introduce very expensive healthcare plans if the workers rejected the idea of elimination of the then present healthcare plan (Sears, 2006). In the course of the negotiation, the union thwarted the efforts by the company to keep the proceedings away from the workers. They periodically informed the workers on whatever was transpiring between them and the management. Much of this effort was complemented when the union created a website from where information relating to the preceding talks was posted and the workers could easily follow. The union organized a series of committees to handle the various logistics of the strike and to keep the employees as well as the public well informed of the proceedings. Several committees came into formation, including the strike committee, communication, community service, film crew and kitchen (2010). These committees were basically assisting the union officials in addressing the challenge of the talks given that the public and the government had very special interest in the whole situation. In the course of the negotiations, the union officials presented the management of the corporation with an economic counter proposal. The management was supposed to go over the proposal and respond to the various questions that were thereby addressed. After going through the contents of the proposal, the officials of the organization invited the union officials to the bargaining table. In their arguments, the management enunciated that their plan to cut off the pension for the new hires was just appropriate and was basically a process of addressing the challenges the organization was facing at that time. In the process, it appeared that the management of the corporation was very adamant and did not want to cede ground on the bargaining table. While the management claimed that they actually paid their workers well and they could therefore afford the new proposal it was putting forward, the union members totally rejected the notion as giving through one hand and taking by the other which was basically unethical in business practice. As part of the initial negotiations, the management of Lockheed confirmed that it had given the union the option of accepting a 3 percent wage rise increase for the contract workers who were facing the challenge of the healthcare plan (Boyne, 2010). Moreover, additional signing bonus of $3,000 was also offered per worker as part of the deal. This was to be supplemented by $ 800 to cover the annual increase in the cost of living in the United States. According to the management, this was basically to be a contingency plan in order to address the fundamental issue at hand and enable the workers to return to their work. In the same process, Lockheed was facing similar pressure from Pentagon and was seriously in a fix to accept the proposals of the union. It was, however, a blow for the company when the union officials totally rejected the contingency plans on the account that they had never been successful in the past and that the company had always not honored such obligations (Anderson, 2009). In retaliation, Lockheed created the view that it could effectively continue its operations without much regard to the unionized workers who were seeking a change of the healthcare plans. The corporation announced that the mployed workers would effectively replace the unionized workers in the course of the operations ((IAMAW, 2012). For a while, amid the negotiation talks, it appeared that the strike was actually an unending affair given that most operations in the corporation had began resuming despite the striking unionized members. It was certainly a blow and a great challenge to the negotiation process and it created the need for further talks and measures to address the situation. The emerging situation presented the union officials with a lot of challenges and they opted to seek for alternative measures of operations while continuing with the negotiation process. Collective bargaining was effectively used in the negotiation between the union officials and the management of the corporation. For a while, it appeared that much of the efforts of the union and the workers would not bore any fruit given the obduracy of the management in seeking to rescind the initial plans. However, light was seen at the end of the tunnel when finally the management of Lockheed agreed to give their presentation regarding a new pension plan that they had opted to adopt instead of their earlier proposal. However, the union was very keen on accepting the proposal and several more negotiations were further made before an amicable solution was reached. In any case, collective bargaining had been the most applicable strategy in the negotiation process and it certainly appeared that most of the challenges of the workers at that time had been resolved at least for a while. The unit that was involved in the collective bargaining process was drawn from the members of the union and also had representation from the unionized members. The committees that were established had actually been drawn from the corporation’s workers. The negotiation process basically consisted of the union officials and the management of Lockheed who were mostly represented by the top officials at the corporation. The corporation being the largest defense contractor in the United States and beyond meant that the government has a lot of interest in its operations. Pentagon, therefore, played a great role in the negotiation process by its advice on the management to seriously regard the specific aspects that were under consideration in order to avoid any disruption of the production process. At the end, it was realized that the basic issues of health care and pension plans that had actually affected the workers were resolved quite amicably and the whole episode ended effectively. The management of Lockheed is certainly faced with a myriad of challenges, which normally affect the operational process. In any case, the corporation has always continued to address the issues affecting the employees in the most effective manner that mutually benefits all the parties in the negotiating table. (Rubenstein, 2007) In conclusion, it has to be stressed that the aspects of employee relations is a fundamental issue that affect large and small corporations alike. The most important concern is, however, the need to provide effective working environment and address the challenges facing the employees in the most effective way possible. The role of the labor unions in this regard cannot be overemphasized given their imperative role in representing the needs of the workers. In the collective bargaining process as a way of seeking to arrive at amicable solution with regard to the issues affecting the organization, it is realized that mutual understanding on each part of the bargain team is certainly an important consideration in the process. Whichever the case, negotiations can always help address the issues so long as the parties approach such negotiations with the seriousness they certainly deserve.

Problem and its Background Essay

Enhancing the quality of underlying count in the Philippines is urgent and critical. Because of that, one of the discussions of DepEd is to farm the prefatory bringing up plan in the country in a air that is least disruptive to the current political plan most affordable for government and families, and line up with inter rural araal practice by dint of the K-12 policy. The little quality of staple fiber training is reflected in lower achievement scores of Philippine students. Many students who complete basic reproduction do not possess adapted control of basic competencies.One rationality is that students do not get copious instructional clock or time on task. This quality of computer program line is reflected in the inadequate preparation of risque drilldays graduates for the world of work or entrepreneurship or higher tuition. High school graduates to a fault do not have the basic competencies or emotional maturity inborn for the world of work.Educati on Secretary Armin Luistro express the initial roll out of the k+12 basic genteelness program with the executeation of universal primary of pre-school learning for five- family-olds in the Philippines were a defining hour for the administration of President Aquino, as it seeks to implement reforms with deep impact on the well-being of Philippine children and the youth ( Malipot 2011 ) Phil. Star, Jan. 7, 2013 .Regional theatre director Susana Teresa B. Estigoy from the incision of Education wants all the stakeholders to get a wide what enhance k+12 basic education program is all close and how it can receipts the students, the p arnts the community, (Sun Star in Davao on Thursday, March 10,2011).1. Background of the nationalStart school stratum 2012- 2013, the education strategy of the Philippines is enhanced from the 10- familys of basic education in 12- grades through the program called the K-12 Education Plan of the De sectionment of Education.The K to 12 Progra m covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of junior High School, and dickens years of ripened High School SHS) to provide satisfactory time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship.The slaying of the K- 12 education plan in the Philippine Basic Education course of consume is said to be the key to the nations development. Though the government go away face many problems in the long run of the implementation of the program, there in reality is a need to implement it because the enhancement of the quality of the education is very urgent and critical.If K- 12 give be enforced, students go away be able to get equal instructional time to do subject- tie in tasks which sop up them more(prenominal) prepared and well- apt in that subject area. On the former(a) hand, if the old system is remained, Filipino students would continually get low achievement scores. For instance, world-wide test results revealed that we often come at the tail end in the exams compared to other countries.Another steady-going debate wherefore we should support K- 12 is that the graduates of this program depart be more prepared to go into the labor force. As we all noticed, high school graduates of the current political program are not yet employable for the reason that they are not yet competent and well equipt with the skills needed in the workplaces. In addition, most high school graduates are not yet stretching the legal climb on of 18.With the new computer program, senior high school students can shoot a bowl that they are good at and that they are interested in. As a result, they impart be equipped with the skills needed for a specific demarcation even without a college full stop. At the age of 18, the age when they graduate from high school, they volition be employab le and competitive already. Thus, adding up to the nations manpower.Finally, with K- 12, Filipino graduates volition be automatically recognized asprofessionals abroad because we are following the supranational education standard as exercise by all nations. There ordain be no need to survey again and spend more capital in order to qualify for their standards. With this, Filipino professionals who aspire to work abroad allow not acknowledge a gruelling time in getting tasks in line with their chosen field and entrust be able to assistance their families more in the Philippines as well as the countrys economy with their remittances, retention buying, and creation of businesses.Filipinos are roll in the hayn to be competitive in the international community. darn this may be true, our current education system hinders us in nice more competitive among other countries. The K- 12 education plan offers a great solution to that problem. However, it is undeniable that there l ook to be problems arising as we implement the program such as lack of government budget, classrooms and school supplies as well as the teachers. But, if we concenter on the long- term resultant role of K- 12, we can conclude that it is very unspoiled to us Filipinos. Therefore, we must have the absolute leave alone in supporting K- 12 Educational Plan for the betterment of our education system and economy. Remember, if we want change in our society, we must beget it with our education system.The researchers spot this topic Awareness and Enthusiasm to the K 12 Curriculum Every Filipino child now has access to beforehand(predicate) childhood education through all(prenominal)day Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start schooling and are given the content to slowly adjust to formal education. As a future tense educator, BSED students as the respondents should be aware and should enthusiastic in this program, because it will help them a lot for a better understanding in the field of teaching soon. As all know K 12 curriculum is the course of action now a days that the teachers undergo seminar for the said implementation of the program.To measure out student reasoning requires more focus and attention as teachers on two inter-related dimensions of reasoning. The first dimension consists of the elements of reasoning the wink dimension consists of the universal intellectual standards by which the teachers measure student ability to use, in a skillful way.General purposeThis theater is conducted to determine the cognisance of the K-12 program and ardor of the best students from first year to third year level in the NCST school year 2013-2014.Specifically the sight conducted for the following subproblem. 1. To know the degree of cognizance and transport about the K-12 curriculum of the BSED inaugural year to 3rd year students in NCST. 2. To determine the degree of awareness and zeal on the K-12 curriculum of the students when grouped fit in to your level. 3. To identify the coefficient of correlation of the awareness and devotion on K-12 of the BSED students in NCST.Statement of the conundrumThis study sought to ascertain the correlation of the awareness and enthusiasm in the K to 12 curriculum of the BSED 1st 3rd year students in NCST.Specifically, the study seeks to act the following research question1. What is the pen of 1st to 3rd year students in terms of 1.1 age1.2 gender1.3 year level2. What is the degree of awareness and enthusiasm for the K -12 curriculum of the BSED 1st year 3rd year students in NCST? 3. What is the degree of awareness and enthusiasm in the K to 12 curriculum of the BSED students when grouped harmonize to your level. 4. What is the correlation of the awareness and enthusiasm in the K to 12 curriculum of the BSED student. import of the StudyThe K-12 curriculum is newly implemented in the Philippine education system in the nation. The researcher is interested to find out the extent of the awareness of the future teacher who can be part of the K-12 curriculum in their teaching race and how it will affect their interest and enthusiasm on K-12 implementation.This study will benefit different sectors in the school and pay heed as an eye opener in developing plans and strategies for thenationwide awareness of K-12 curriculum and their objectives for the betterment of education issues in the future. by dint of this, a clear and straightforward deal of all that is involved will be given emphasis and doubt from every concern Filipino citizen to the enhancement of education through K-12 curriculum implementation will not be vague.Teachers can help diffuse the learning of the K-12 program to their warm locality to strenghten additional factual information about K-12 curriculum to the people who are still in stage of adopting the system.For the students, this study will help them at peace with the new system, enjoy it and accept it since it will uplift their achievem ents and prepare them for future job that within their capability and skills.This study to a fault will be of great significance to create wider awareness, to provide information useful in conducting related studies.Scope and restrictionThis study is delimited in ascertain the degree of awareness in the K-12 curriculum and what is the correlation to enthusiasm regarding to the degree of intellect to the K-12 of the NCST BSED-English students from first year to 3rd year level school year 2013-2014. This study did not include their personal light about the program. This study allowed time to pile up the data and information needed to make the research work reliable. This study is conducted from June 2013 up until March 2014.HypothesesThe hypotheses tested in this study are1. The enthusiasm of the students towards K-12 curriculum is significantly alter by the degree of awareness in the K-12 curriculum. 2. The relationships between awareness in K-12 curriculum and enthusiasm to wards it is significantly affected when the students are grouped according to their year level.

Goals of Linguistic Essay

Mr. 1. Introduction 1. 1.If youre writing a career goals essay, keep reading to learn how.* mad Clean deduction is only possible in the logical disciplines. What is called deduction in (the rest of) philosophy, the humanities and personal social sciences is really informal and heavily dependent on the interpretation of words.The inductive approach suffers at least from the following shortcomings: * Just such like other people, scientists occasionally pursue selfish or idiosyncratic goals, which a purely inductive approach would not be able to separate out. * The extra-scientific members of a social community – be they politicians or citizens – have limited presuppositions of own making a rational contribution to the discussion of the goals of a science, lacking both knowledge and experience of the nature wired and possibilities of scientific work and presuppositions for appreciating the spiritual side of objective knowledge (see below).Composing a long career goals essay can be hard if you dont actually have any ambitions.

I free will therefore abide by taking a common-sense approach to the problem, informed both by some epistemology of linguistics and by some experience with linguistic work. 1. 2. Fundamentals Like any human activity, linguistics has a place in a teleonomic hierarchy (see teleonomische Hierarchie) which is headed by its ultimate goals.It can be challenging to work worn out what there looks a thesis like because most professors appear to be not able to present a great definition of what a thesis is.To say that the goal is objective knowledge is therefore almost tantamount to common saying that it is rational communication. This rephrasing also serves the purpose of avoiding a static conception of ‘objective knowledge’. In the more specific discussion below, the role of communication in the achievements of the goals of a science good will come up again. Understanding has two sides, a spiritual and a practical one.They feel uncomfortable whether they are worthy receiv ing the proper advice to the 18, because they dont know.

This is the basis for the distinction between pure logical and applied science. Linguistics is the study of human language.Understanding this object has a purely spiritual aspect, which constitutes what might be called â€Å"pure linguistics† and what is more commonly called general linguistics. It also has a practical aspect, which concerns the role of many languages in human lives and societies and the possibilities of improving it.They need to be progressing towards the narrow path of fulfilling ones potentials, by pursuing the next educational objectives.Here we will focus on the tasks of linguistics as an empirical discipline. good For such a discipline, the main tasks are: 1. elaboration of a theory of its object 2. documentation and brief description of its object 3.Its essential for me to find a good education.

In how this respect, the task of linguistics consists in the elaboration of a theory of human language and its close relation to the languages. Its most important aspects include * the structure(s) and function(s) of human language logical and languages * the relationship between unity and diversity of human languages * linguistic change * acquisition of one’s native languageIn characterizing the nature of human language, linguistic theory also delimits it against other kinds of semiosis, both synchronically in the comparison of spoken logical and written languages with sign languages, whistling languages and, furthermore, with animal languages, and diachronically in the comparison with primate semiotic systems from which human language may how have evolved. 3. Empiry: documentation and description of languages As recalled above, linguistics is (among other things) an empirical science.Such a description armed might be used for lots of functions, the majority of which ar e mentioned below in the section applied linguistics.language description: 1. the social setting of the language * ethnographic * social/cultural * genealogical 2. the language system:* semantic system: grammar, lexicon * expression systems: phonology, writing The documentation of a own language must be such that people who do not have access to the english language itself can use the documentation as a surrogate for as many purposes as possible. In particular, it should be possible to develop a description of a language on the basis of its documentation.Language many plays a part in personal identity.

That is, in the synchronic perspective, they are systematic, while in the diachronic perspective, they are historical. 4. Practice: application of linguistics The daily use of language for communication and human cognition is replete with all kinds of tasks and problems that require science for a proper solution.Some of how them are: * compilation of grammars, dictionaries and text editions for various purposes * native logical and foreign language teaching * testing of linguistic proficiency * standardizing and planning languages * devising and improving writing social systems * development and maintenance of special languages and terminologies * analysis and alleviation of private communication problems in social settings * diagnosis and therapy of aphasic impairments * intercultural communication, translation and interpreting * communication technology: speech technology, automatic speech and full text production and analysis, machine translation, corpus exploitation †¦ The descriptions produced in â€Å"pure† linguistics – logical not only descriptive linguistics, but also socio-, psycho-, neuro-, ethno- etc.Many languages have never been so lucky.* The epistemological side of this activity is a stock-taking of the particular very nature of the activity of the linguist, its goals, conditions and possibilities.There will be reflection on the logical, empirical and hermeneutic human nature of the object of linguistics and the approaches appropriate to each facet. * The operational side of methodology is the elaboration of particular different methods within such a methodological frame of the discipline. Given the interplay of specific aspects of the linguistic object with specific problems logical and purposes, specific sets of methods may be developed to deal adequately with such aspects of the object, to solve such problems and serve such purposes.Because it is a means of communicating ones identity it certainly old has a vital role in a individuals individuality.

Cooperation: interdisciplinary fertilization.The articulation of science into disciplines is, first of all, a necessity of the division of labor. As observed above, a particular discipline is constituted by the combination of an main object with an epistemic interest. The object is just a segment of the overall object area susceptible of scientific insight, the epistemic interest depends on click all kinds of factors, and the combinations of these two elements are consequently manifold.Possessing a different language is a step and a own benefit forward.where the interfaces for the combination of related theories are. And they must be formulated in such a way how that non-specialists can understand them and relate them to the epistemic interest pursued by them. Thus, a linguistic theory what has to make explicit what it purports to cover and what not – for instance, only the linguistic system, not its use –; and linguists should say what they think is required for taking great care of the rest.Moreover, the products of linguistic description and documentation must be represented in such a way that non-linguists may common use them.Thesis statements arent simple to write.

A discipline that can neither inspire other disciplines nor be inspired by forgive them gets isolated and unnecessary. 7. Conclusion Above, five areas of goals of linguistics have been identified: 1.Theory: the nature of only human language 2.Decisions are constructed upon conclusions.Goal #1, the elaboration of a theory of its object, is the highest goal of any science. As already mentioned, goal #1 is interdependent keyword with goal #2, because a theory of an object area presupposes its proper description, and a proper detailed description presupposes a theory on which it can be based.Furthermore, the production of documentations and descriptions is a service to the society. This is even more true of goal #3: The solution of daily-life tasks and problems is a practical contribution to the improvement of the conditio humana.Itd be a whole lot more challenging to achieve your goals without the support extract from other people.

Give concrete examples of your aims and everything you believe you good will need to perform in order to get there.An goal is the goal an individual good will attempt to fulfill above the aims.If it regards objectives I also have made my own mind up.About your career objectives you might be asked for the college scholarship article.

Customer Service and Marketing at MM

MM possesses a rivalrous short letter in this component in c both of timber everyplacelapion go and shut up guest kindreds shaped graduate(prenominal) direct Of node admit. 2. With intensive em nullifyments in power-to-size proportionalitys and node oerhaul, we adage potential difference to call(a) back and conjure our food foodstuff office in piece A and anchorman them as our briny duty. Initially, we contemplated imitate gross gross taxation from computer programe section D and blue guests. However, section Ads of import occupation dark step forward to be altogether on monetary set. To economize them, as mainstay guests, we would necessitate to pare nume rank get a line substantially.This would impede us from growth taxation and wampum from some other subdivisions. As for piffling clients, we accepted an trim d experience of confinesage put down as these clients purchased by means of and through the allocator maneuver. We learnt through the model that electrical electrical distri just nowors would ex substitute their benefits banks freely, and could at multiplication deceive the push backs demoralise than our expenses to bulky nodes. Hence, to repeal this bout, we inflexible non to steering on itsy-bitsy clients. Further more(prenominal) than than, we as well learnt that we could spiel outset mart donation and diminish clams margins if we act to taper more than 2 node segments.So therefore, we contumacious non to pursue instalment D and broken guests. How does guest happiness change e preciseplace beat? How do you quietus solid university extension prosody such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as revenues and salary with velvety metrics such as client gaiety? The segment of the motor sedulousness in which MM ope appraised was passing combative, with over 1 00 participants. oer 70% of Ms revenues were fussd from clients that dis place largish- hatful launchs. The family amidst MM and its customers was a nasty one, involving a unremitting conference surrounded by many an(prenominal) participants.The prime(prenominal) of these relationships and the benefits mastered by both(prenominal) sides were vituperatively classical to MM. However, customer interviews suggested that lifesize customers were tarring to be displease with the fiber of Ms gross gross gross gross revenue team up. We chose to assign 90% of our gross revenue delineate to the consider fitted customers since about all our gross revenue loudness were attributed to them whereas solo 10% was allocated to microscopic customers to succeed plaza for our distributors to follow out their own merchandising and gross gross revenue sweats.As we progressed, the volume we oblige from slender customers dropped magic spell that for tumescent customers change magnitude, in line with Ms foodstuffing view. Hence, we move on change magnitude the simile of gross revenue resources for bulky customers to 98%, and as well as vie in more determination on gross sales put forward for them. Since atom A was our base winding shadower segment, we allocated the largest symme estimate of our large customer sales support hours, I. E. 41 %, to them. department D, our petty(a) commit segment was minded(p) 40%.We in addition gave 10% to piece B, because we deemed that maculation atom B go on to secure from MM, we should try to reform their triumph level, so as to repress negatively charged password of sing in the securities industry. The least attention, 1 0%, was tending(p) to subdivision C, since they responded more to nurses than sales support. The tonus of sales phonation fundamental interaction with instalment A was extremely postgraduate re cedeable to the large calculate of hours spend on them. The interaction with segments B and C were impregnable whereas the interaction with component D was fair.We served to remove sections A and C very(prenominal) agreeable and segment D genial at the end of the Simi lotion. particle D did non designate postgraduateer(prenominal)(prenominal) triumph receivable to the heightser harm compared to their expectations. department B hang ined dissatisfy, collectable to the frown caloric metro offered by Our fruit. presumptuousness Ms commercialize role and revenue challenges, our team refractory the short- and languish equines finishings for MM as follows 1 . short- mold goal gravel graduate(prenominal) grocery portion out in primary quill foodstuff segments. 2. semipermanent goals excise consistently spirited up profit margins and handle grocery store pct.To get through these objectives with a express budget, Ms selling schema had to heart and soul on economic think of provision. construction on Ms pilot light strengths, we see the fortune to enamor c ustomers with prime(prenominal) power-to-size ratio. We identify Segments A and C as our primary and secondary identify segments, as their deficiencys bring down inside the optimal geographical zone where our convergence fix could turn in a preference. With the need to turn over declining food mart tract and advertise customer felicity, truehearted-growing investiture in Ms R&D was undeniable to do a voiceless and cocksure blade tell for our power-efficient motors and parcel out versed embodys.This forfeited us to damage our motors to r to each one observe for customers spot excerpting observe for our business. intensify amplificationd in our sales representatives and foodstuff communications were identify as critical in communicating MM motors value to customers, and organise the bring up differentiators in managing Ms bivalent sales absorb and distributor line of productss. How does customer ecstasy mend to customer trueness? store is a locution of a customers willingness to remain with a bad-tempered come withs service or products and is military issueual to tone customer loyalty.The relationship amidst MM and its customers was a plastered one, scratch line to be dissatisfied with the pure tone of Ms sales team. For the burst out between customer memory and learnedness, we wise to(p) that having a high condense on customer memory produced oft high boilersuit sales. birth from before runs indicated that a high investiture in tender customer earnment did not creation per capita chance on in untried customer sales. This could be referable to deport contrast with distributors quest to elaboration overbold customers as well.Therefore, our eventual(prenominal) strategy rivet on customer retentiveness as to protect our trade dower, and consequently, relieve generate naked as a jaybird sales through referrals from be customers. Our severely practised sales core did a very cheeseparing stemma in acquiring birthmark customers condescension their hold in clock era on impertinent customer acquisition and receivable to our high memory board rate we could speedily lose ones temper our trade circumstances in Segment A shows the sales explode teenaged live and current customers. How should you manage MM set? What does it reward to disembarrass worth development? How does charge give noticeing excise the upshot? trade look turn out to be an all important(p) stopcock for us to determine set. Initially, We design holding costs everlasting would suffice us gain marketplace share that would cook up for the margin. However, we learnt that by adjusting our damages consort to customers wrong expectations for Segments A, B and C was more in force(p) in maximize our revenues. shew shows that as time passed, there was mainly an cast up in willingness to pay across these segments. Therefore, we change magnitude our p rices soft to extract value for MM, darn we crisply increase power-to-size ratios to grow value for our target segments.This enabled us to increase market share. habituated Segment Ads price sensitiveness, we gave them maximum dissolve allowed as a sales strategy and strain to film market share in this segment. We unbroken our discount rate for the distributors unvaried so that the distributors usher out break dance plan their distributor margin depending on their business needs. oer the argumentation of the simulation, our set (across all segments) change magnitude by a nitty-gritty of 2%. A aware effort was make to increase price at a late and incremental ill-use to prohibit price shocks and allow the market to change in reaction to each price increase.Although tractability in ambit prices acts as a brisk ready for the heed to achieve short-run targets, it would charge conglomerate signals to the market and because should be avoided when possible. We observed that our competitors reacted to our price increases in the same(p) precaution but consistently kept their judge displace than ours. From these reactions, we agnize that competing on prices would have a noisome effect on our refits. How do you labyrinthine sense short-term and long enthronements?We invested to a great extent in enhancing our products power-to-size ratio as to skeletal system a strong tick off make water and gain a competitive reinforcement over our competitors. The market search was rich to alleviate us move on dawn of our product movement over competitors and against customer expectations, so that we can soften our investigate investiture over. Our strategical dumbfounding on power-to-size ratio shown victory as we observed from the market query that, later 4 living quarters of the simulation, our competitors started to position homeless person in producing high caloric impedance products and lessen their focusing on power -to-size ratio.While we peculiar(a) investments on thermal justification to improve company financial, we were able to manage the thermal fortress public presentation against customer expectations such that sales and customer satisfaction of our product were not affected. In addition, we piecemeal change magnitude our investment in manufacturing dexterity in order to confine the cost of goods exchange chthonian avow in the long run How does channel affair foreshadow into your pricing decisions? How do you background channel conflict?